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==Events== *41 – Roman Emperor Caligula, known for his eccentricity and sadistic despotism, is assassinated by his disgruntled Praetorian Guards. The Guard then proclaims Caligula's uncle Claudius as Emperor *1438 – The Council of Basel suspends Pope Eugene IV. *1458 – Matthias Corvinus becomes king of Hungary. *1624 – Afonso Mendes, appointed by Pope Gregory XV as Prelate of Ethiopia, arrives at Massawa from Goa. *1679 – King Charles II of England dissolves the Cavalier Parliament. *1739 – Peshva warrior Chimnaji Appa defeats Portuguese forces and captures Tarapur Fort, India. *1742 – Charles VII Albert becomes Holy Roman Emperor. *1758 – During the Seven Years' War the leading burghers of Königsberg submit to Elizabeth of Russia, thus forming Russian Prussia (until 1763) *1817 – Crossing of the Andes: Many soldiers of Juan Gregorio de las Heras are captured during the Action of Picheuta. *1835 – Slaves in Salvador da Bahia, Brazil, stage a revolt, which is instrumental in ending slavery there 50 years later. *1848 – California Gold Rush: James W. Marshall finds gold at Sutter's Mill near Sacramento. *1857 – The University of Calcutta is formally founded as the first fully fledged university in South Asia. *1859 – Political and state union of Moldavia and Wallachia; Alexandru Ioan Cuza is elected as Domnitor in both Principalities. *1862 – Bucharest is proclaimed the capital of Romania. *1878 – The revolutionary Vera Zasulich shoots at Fyodor Trepov, the Governor of Saint Petersburg. *1900 – Second Boer War: Boers stop a British attempt to break the Siege of Ladysmith in the Battle of Spion Kop. *1908 – The first Boy Scout troop is organized in England by Robert Baden-Powell. *1911 – Japanese anarchist Shūsui Kōtoku is hanged for treason in a case now considered a miscarriage of justice. *1915 – World War One: British Grand Fleet battle cruisers under Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty engage Rear-Admiral Franz von Hipper's battle cruisers in the Battle of Dogger Bank. *1916 – In ''Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co.'', the Supreme Court of the United States declares the federal income tax constitutional. *1918 – The Gregorian calendar is introduced in Russia by decree of the Council of People's Commissars effective February 14(NS) *1933 – The 20th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, changing the beginning and end of terms for all elected federal offices. *1939 – The deadliest earthquake in Chilean history strikes Chillán, killing approximately 28,000 people. *1942 – World War II: The Allies bombard Bangkok, leading Thailand, then under Japanese control, to declare war against the United States and United Kingdom. *1943 – World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill conclude a conference in Casablanca. *1946 – The United Nations General Assembly passes its first resolution to establish the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission. *1947 – Greek banker Dimitrios Maximos becomes Prime Minister of Greece. *1960 – Algerian War: Some units of European volunteers in Algiers stage an insurrection known as the "barricades week", during which they seize government buildings and clash with local police. *1961 – Goldsboro B-52 crash: A bomber carrying two H-bombs breaks up in mid-air over North Carolina. The uranium core of one weapon remains lost. *1968 – Vietnam War: The 1st Australian Task Force launches Operation Coburg against the North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong during wider fighting around Long Bình and Biên Hòa *1972 – Japanese Sgt. Shoichi Yokoi is found hiding in a Guam jungle, where he had been since the end of World War II. *1977 – Massacre of Atocha in Madrid, during the Spanish transition to democracy. *1978 – Soviet satellite Kosmos 954, with a nuclear reactor on board, burns up in Earth's atmosphere, scattering radioactive debris over Canada's Northwest Territories. Only 1% is recovered. *1984 – The first Apple Macintosh goes on sale. *1986 – Voyager 2 passes within of Uranus. *1990 – Japan launches Hiten, the country's first lunar probe, the first robotic lunar probe since the Soviet Union's Luna 24 in 1976, and the first lunar probe launched by a country other than Soviet Union or the United States. *1993 – Turkish journalist and writer Uğur Mumcu is assassinated by a car bomb in Ankara. *1996 – Polish Prime Minister Józef Oleksy resigns amid charges that he spied for Moscow. *2003 – The United States Department of Homeland Security officially begins operation. *2009 – Cyclone Klaus makes landfall near Bordeaux, France. It subsequently would cause 26 deaths as well as extensive disruptions to public transport and power supplies. *2011 – At least 35 die and 180 are injured in a bombing at Moscow's Domodedovo Airport. *2014 – Three bombs explode in the Egyptian capital, Cairo, killing about seven people and injuring over 100 others. * 2014 – The Philippines and the Bangsamoro agree to a peace deal that would help end the 45-year conflict. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「January 24」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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